Ttronic

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B.J.T.transistor 2 type in B.J.T NPN and PNP current operated devise This can low current high voltage operated  this is 3 terminal devise collector emitter base

soldering The most fundamental skill needed to assemble any electronic project is that of soldering. It takes some practice to make the perfect joint. learned is never forgotten. The idea is simple to joint electrical parts together to from an electrical connection using a molten  mixture of lead and tin (solder) with soldering iron. A large of soldering irons is available which one is suitable for you depends on your budget and how serious your interest in  electronics Comments

soldering iron               M ost irons run from the mains at 240v or 110v. However low voltage type 12v or 24v generally part of a "soldering station" and are designed to be used with a spacial controller made by the same manufacture                              Typically they may have a power rating of between 15-100 watts or so which is fine for most work. A higher wattage does not mean that the iron runs hotter-it simply means that there is more power in reserve for coping with larger joints. This also depends portly on the design  of the  'bit'(the tip of the iron) consider a higher wattage iron simply as being more "unstoppable" when it comes to heavier-duty work because it won't cool down so quickly                             

LED Series Resistance • The series resistor value RS is calculated by simply using Ohm´s Law, by knowing the required forward current IF of the LED, the supply voltage VS across the combination and the expected forward voltage drop of the LED, VF at the required current level, the current limiting resistor is calculated as:

Types of Light Emitting Diode  • Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) – infra-red • Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (GaAsP) – red to infra-red, orange • Aluminium Gallium Arsenide Phosphide (AlGaAsP) – high-brightness red, orange-red, orange, and yellow  • Gallium Phosphide (GaP) – red, yellow and green  • Aluminium Gallium Phosphide (AlGaP) – green  • Gallium Nitride (GaN) – green, emerald green  • Gallium Indium Nitride (GaInN) – near ultraviolet, bluish-green and blue  • Silicon Carbide (SiC) – blue as a substrate  • Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) – blue  • Aluminium Gallium Nitride (AlGaN) – ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes I-V Characteristics.